Hello,
I am wanting to know a way to shell (ksh)script-edit a file by having a script that searches for a specific string, and then input lines of text in the file after that specific string. Please help, as I will be up all night if I can't figure this out.
You could do it by using read to read each line, grep to search for the string
eg
while read N
do
echo "$N" | grep $STRING
if test "$?" = "0"
then
echo new line
echo new line
fi
echo $N
done
You can also try sed
place all the replace instances in a file ( sed_file) with entries
s/[search string1]/[replace string1]/g
s/[search string2]/[replace string2]/g
Then to make the replacements do as :
$ sed -f sed_file [input file]
Perhaps I should have stated that I wanted to input lines of text after the string that is being searched out. I have to do this on 398 servers tonight. Please help!
while read N
do
echo "$N" | grep $STRING
if test "$?" = "0"
then
echo $N
echo new line
echo new line
else
echo $N
fi
done
How did you end up with this job?
LOL! Long story...
Thanks for the responses everyone. It was a last minute thing my mngr gave me. I have to add lines to the sudoers file on 398 servers, and I want to keep the file tidy, and not just append everything to the end.
What's the problem with the SED script. can u give a small example for the illustration of the problem.
Abhi.
I don't know enough about SED to know if there is a problem with the SED script.
One example of what I am trying to do is as follows:
Let say I wanted to add a user alias line to the sudoers file such as:
User_Alias SOME_ADMINS = user1
At the start of that section of the file, is the heading that tells what section it is:
# User alias specification
I would want to search for this headding, and add the user alias line after that, while not deleting anything else in the file.
Someone gave me this perl solution:
perl -pi.old -e 's/(localhost)(.*)/$1\n$2\nnew\nlines\nhere/' file1 file2 file3
What this example does is search for the string 'localhost', moves the existing text on the line after the string down a line, and inserts the new lines. It does this for 3 files( file1, file2, and file3). I tested this out like so:
perl -pi.old -e 's/(#Section 2)(.*)/$1\n$2\It Worked!!!/' file1
This was the result I found when I looked at file1:
Before:
#Section 1
This is some stuff I am typing in this file for space.
#Section 2
After (I did it several times):
#Section 1
This is some stuff I am typing in this file for space.
#Section 2
It Worked!!!
It Worked!!!
It Worked!!!
It Worked!!!
It Worked!!!
The problem comes when I try to enter this:
Cmnd_Alias EPROV_ADMIN_CMDS = /usr/sbin/groupadd, /usr/sbin/groupdel, /usr/sbin/groupmod, \
/usr/bin/last, /usr/bin/listusers, /usr/sbin/logins, \
/usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/userdel, \
/usr/bin/passwd, /usr/bin/ypmatch, /usr/bin/yppasswd, \
/usr/sbin/ypcat, /usr/bin/login
What would be the best way to enter this? In other words, I need to be able to enter absolute paths to files.
As I stated above, it may not be the best approach. 'sed' searches for [search string] and replaces it with [replace string]
As per your requirement, you want the search string as well as the replaced string on the next line.
Note: if you have many replacements in a file make a temp file [sed_file] and input in it the following entries --
s/[search string1]/"[search string1] \n [replace string1]"/g
s/[search string2]/"[search string2] \n [replace string2]"/g
save this file and to make the global replacement in any file (input_file) run the following command -
sed -f sed_file input_file.
The sed command here will look for replacements from sed_file and make proper changes in the input_file.
Let me know if this helps.
Abhi.
change="User_Alias SOME_ADMINS = user1"
awk -v c="$change" '{print}
/User alias specification/{print c}
' "file" > temp
mv temp file
But will this work with the list of absolute path names above? Please help!!
Thanks, I'll give this a try.
This has been working great. I found out that the awk argument can't take more than 399 bytes. About to find out how scalable it is.
How would I run this remotely with ssh on multiple servers?
Ended up pushing the file out to all the servers, and running a remote ssh to execute them. Worked like a charm. I was more comfortable using Ghostdog74's method, and adapting it to fit my needs. Here is the way I did it below. You just have to make sure all your sudoers files are uniform across your environment first:
Here's how I pushed the files out to the servers:
NOTE: This is assuming you have your ssh key from your jump server distributed to the rest of the hosts, so you don't have to use a password to login.
#!/bin/ksh
for i in `serverlist.txt`
do
echo $i
ssh $i "/etc/change_sudo.sh"
echo
done > change_sudo.output
change_sudo.sh
#!/bin/ksh
cd /etc
cp sudoers sudoers.safe
change0="Host_Alias LOCALHOST = `hostname`"
awk -v c="$change0" '{print}
/# Host alias specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
change1="User_Alias ADMINS = someuser"
awk -v c="$change1" '{print}
/# User alias specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
sleep 02
change2="Cmnd_Alias MISC_CMDS = /usr/bin/make, /usr/bin/chmod, /usr/bin/awk, /usr/bin/cat,/usr/bin/chown, /usr/bin/cp, /usr/bin/cut, /usr/bin/diff,/usr/bin/grep, /usr/bin/ls, /usr/bin/mv, /usr/bin/rm,/usr/bin/sed, /usr/bin/sleep, /usr/bin/sort, /usr/bin/tail,/bin/echo, /bin/touch, /usr/bin/which"
awk -v c="$change2" '{print}
/# Cmnd alias specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
sleep 02
change3="Cmnd_Alias PROTECTED_CMDS = !/usr/bin/passwd root, !/usr/bin/rm -rf /*, !/usr/bin/chown root"
awk -v c="$change3" '{print}
/# Cmnd alias specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
sleep 02
change4="Cmnd_Alias ADMN_CMDS = /usr/sbin/groupadd, /usr/sbin/groupdel, /usr/sbin/groupmod, /usr/bin/last, /usr/bin/listusers, /usr/sbin/logins, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/bin/passwd, /usr/bin/ypmatch, /usr/bin/yppasswd,/usr/sbin/ypcat, /usr/bin/login"
awk -v c="$change4" '{print}
/# Cmnd alias specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
sleep 02
change5="ADMINS LOCALHOST = MISC_CMDS,ADMIN_CMDS"
awk -v c="$change5" '{print}
/# User privilege specification/{print c}
' "sudoers" > temp.sudoers
mv temp.sudoers sudoers
chown root:root sudoers
chmod 440 sudoers
And here was the result:
Sudoers File Before:
#Host alias specification
# User alias specification
#Cmnd alias specification
# User privilege specification
Sudoers File After:
#Host alias specification
Host_Alias LOCALHOST = servername
# User alias specification
User_Alias ADMINS = someuser
#Cmnd alias specification
Cmnd_Alias ADMIN_CMDS = /usr/sbin/groupadd, /usr/sbin/groupdel, /usr/sbin/groupmod, /usr/bin/last, /usr/bin/listusers, /usr/sbin/logins, /usr/sbin/usermod, /usr/sbin/useradd, /usr/sbin/userdel, /usr/bin/passwd, /usr/bin/ypmatch, /usr/bin/yppasswd,/usr/sbin/ypcat, /usr/bin/login
Cmnd_Alias PROTECTED_CMDS = !/usr/bin/passwd root, !/usr/bin/rm -rf /*, !/usr/bin/chown root
Cmnd_Alias MISC_CMDS = /usr/bin/make, /usr/bin/chmod, /usr/bin/awk, /usr/bin/cat,/usr/bin/chown, /usr/bin/cp, /usr/bin/cut, /usr/bin/diff,/usr/bin/grep, /usr/bin/ls, /usr/bin/mv, /usr/bin/rm,/usr/bin/sed, /usr/bin/sleep, /usr/bin/sort, /usr/bin/tail,/bin/echo, /bin/touch, /usr/bin/which
# User privilege specification
ADMINS LOCALHOST = MISC_CMDS,ADMIN_CMDS
Excellent.
Thanks for posting your solution back for the benefit of others.