Is this the Flyway database migration tool? Are you attempting to run it in an Ubuntu subsystem on Windows, or from a separate Linux machine? If you are using a separate machine you should download and install Flyway for Linux.
To start with, I know nothing about Windows 10 or the linux sub-system. But according to this how-to geek article you need the Creator's update or later to run Windows apps from bash, but you knew that already.
Have you tried cd'ing into the flyway directory and running it from there, as you did in your example using it from the command prompt? Remember that (1) bash is case-sensitive and (2) you will have to prefix the command with ./ as in
cd /mnt/c/Users/admin/Downloads/flyway-commandline-5.0.7-windows-x64/flyway-5.0.7
does not work? What is the error?
Please don't just say "xxx does not work". Instead you should paste into your posting the command you type and the response (in code tags, of course).
from your Windows Command Prompt, also referred to as the "DOS Box", started from the Start Menu as CMD.EXE. Not the Power Shell, and not Bash.
I wanted to compare that path with the bash $PATH and see if I could spot where the java executable is, so I could advise you on how to adjust the bash $PATH.
Not implying any deeper knowledge of the subject on my side, what catches my eyes is the discrepancy between the java paths: /mnt/c/ProgramData/Oracle/Java/javapath_target_79965703 vs C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath
and mayhap export it. Should this work, you may want to make it persistent, probably by modifying your login ~.profile or ~.bashrc file, either adding the valid path, or correcting the wrong one.
PS C:\Users\admin> bash
root@admin-Komputer:/mnt/c/Users/admin# cd /mnt/c/Users/admin/Downloads/flyway-commandline-5.0.7-windows-x64/flyway-5.0.7
root@admin-Komputer:/mnt/c/Users/admin/Downloads/flyway-commandline-5.0.7-windows-x64/flyway-5.0.7# PATH=/mnt/c/ProgramData/Oracle/Java/javapath:$PATH
root@admin-Komputer:/mnt/c/Users/admin/Downloads/flyway-commandline-5.0.7-windows-x64/flyway-5.0.7# flyway migrate
flyway: command not found
root@admin-Komputer:/mnt/c/Users/admin/Downloads/flyway-commandline-5.0.7-windows-x64/flyway-5.0.7# ./flyway migrate
./flyway: line 62: java: command not found