I'm currently messing around with arrays for the first time in scripting (Unix Korn Shell). All I'm trying to do right now before I make things complicated is read through and print out to screen whether the read file is or is not a directory.
Here is my script:
#!/bin/ksh
##########
i=0
max=`ls -l . | wc -l`
set -A keiths `ls -l . | grep -v total | awk '{print $9}'`
set -A filelist `ls -l . | grep -v total | awk '{print $1}' | cut -c1`
while [ $i -le $max ]
do
print ${keiths[$i]}
if [ ${filelist[$i]} = "d" ] then
print ${filelist[$i]}
else
print 'Not A Directory'
fi
(( i=i+1 ))
done
Here are my results:
./echodir
echodir
Not A Directory
local.cshrc
Not A Directory
local.cshrc.JASS.20050613104129
Not A Directory
local.login
Not A Directory
local.login.JASS.20050613104129
Not A Directory
local.profile
Not A Directory
local.profile.JASS.20050613104129
d
scripts
./echodir[11]: test: argument expected
Not A Directory
./echodir[11]: test: argument expected
Not A Directory
./echodir[11]: test: argument expected
Not A Directory
I bolded within my script what the errors at the bottom of the result are not liking. With this being my first time using arrays, I'm not sure what needs to be corrected within the test to make sure the conditions are ok. If everything within the syntax is ok, is the script executing 3 more times for some reason? Any insight you guys can provide would be greatly appreciated.
Half of this figured out, made the following corrections toying around with it:
Where I have the bolded piece of the script, replace that with:
if [ $"{filelist[$i]}" = "d" ]
As you can see, the " " are now added in the correct spot.
The results now show the following:
./echodir
echodir
Not A Directory
local.cshrc
Not A Directory
local.cshrc.JASS.20050613104129
Not A Directory
local.login
Not A Directory
local.login.JASS.20050613104129
Not A Directory
local.profile
Not A Directory
local.profile.JASS.20050613104129
Not A Directory
scripts
Not A Directory
Not A Directory
Not A Directory
The errors are gone, but now I'm getting an extra 3 runs of the loop, working on debugging this but wanted to keep you all up to date on how to fix that sort of issue...
Edit: The commands I run within the script to set up the arrays are the following, each file should have it's corresponding identifier as to whether its a file or directory etc. With the results above, it looks like "d" isn't detected at all...
ls -l . | grep -v total | awk '{print $9}'
echodir
local.cshrc
local.cshrc.JASS.20050613104129
local.login
local.login.JASS.20050613104129
local.profile
local.profile.JASS.20050613104129
scripts
ls -l . | grep -v total | awk '{print $1}' | cut -c1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
d
Hi - Don't have access to a sun box at this time but try this script...
#!/bin/ksh
lslist="`ls -m | tr -d \",\"`"
set -A lsarry $lslist
start=1
while [ $start -lt ${#lsarry[*]} ]
do
if [ -d ${lsarry[$start]} ]
then
echo "-${lsarry[$start]}- is a directory"
else
echo "-${lsarry[$start]}- is not directory"
fi
start=`expr $start + 1`
done
Just check and make sure you have the "-m" option for ls and if you use a different dilimiter char in the list then change the tr statment.
Andrek, I put in your code and it executed to work great! I went one step further and added the following piece to list out any existing directories and it's corresponding files:
if [ -d ${lsarry[$start]} ]
then
echo "-${lsarry[$start]}- is a directory"
cd ${lsarry[$start]}
ls -l
else
I do have one more question however. As someone always learning in the Unix Scripting field, I was wondering if you could explain what a few of the expressions are doing?
lslist="`ls -m | tr -d \",\"`"
set -A lsarry $lslist
start=1
while [ $start -lt ${#lsarry[]} ] This is where I get confused. I understand that you are asking if the index is less than the value in the array, but what does the # before the lsarry mean? I take it that the [] means the last array slot to contain a value?
do
if [ -d ${lsarry[$start]} ] I'm unfamiliar with -d before the array. Does this mean "IF 'D' = ArrayValue?" How is the code being interpreted?
then
echo "-${lsarry[$start]}- is a directory"
cd ${lsarry[$start]}
ls -l
else
echo "-${lsarry[$start]}- is not a directory"
fi
start=`expr $start + 1`
done
Everything after the first two questions in italics I understand, if you could explain those two just a little bit more, it would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!
while [ $start -lt ${#lsarry[]} ]
Simple while loop.
It keeps looping until the var $start is lessthan the total number of elements in the arry.
eg ${#lsarry[]} would be equall to 4 if
the array is made up as follows "A B C D"
The # indicates to give the "count" of the elements in the arry and the "*" simply indicats ALL the elements.... (I guess its like a wild card...ie ls *-> which list every thing)
the "-d" is a test for a directory. Does it mean "IF 'D' = ArrayValue?" NO.
Do a man on "test" and you will see all the options. UNIX will "test" the input and return true if the path/to/target is a directory or false if not. How is it being inerpreted?
if [ -d ${lsarry[$start]} ] How is the code being interpreted? - as you know $start is increased by 1 each loop so the "next" element in the arry is placed into the "test" statment and evaluated....ie ${lsarry[1], ${lsarry[2], etc....
you can run the script with full debug on to see whats happening by either...
1) add set -x to the second line ....or
2) # sh -x {scriptname}
Hope this helps.
PS do a man on sh-bourne or man on ksh and near the bottom it talks about arrays and what "#" etc means....
Awesome, that was perfect, just what I needed. It's much easier to see where everything is going now. Having not worked with array's yet, that explanation cleared up the questions I had about the code. A friend of mine saw what I was working on and asked, "Why not use 'ls -lR'? When I used that command I noticed it worked in a similar fashion. I'm always learning, that's the beauty of Unix...Thanks again!
