Time: Hwclock and System Time

Hey everyone. Upon studying linux trying to learn it inside and out, I'm reading about the issue of time. Hardware clock time vs the more commonly referenced System Time. What causes the two to grow apart, and what causes the time itself to stray away from UTC? at present my clock is a second and some fractions off. What causes this?

Lots of minor things like temperature and such can affect the speed of your hardware clock and CPU clock alike.

The hardware clock not being in sync is not a big deal. Most systems keep the software clock set to the proper time with something like ntp, and set the hardware clock just before power-off.