you lost the (. ~/.profile ; in your conversion ... and this line is important : you shouldn't ignore it
maybe try something like this
crontab -l | sed 's/;/";"/;s/\s\s*/ /g;s/\s/;/;s/\s/;/;s/\s/;/;s/\s/;/;s/\s/;/' >crontab.csv
1) The existing ; are protected by double quote ";"
2) collapse all blank character (space, tab) into one single space
3) replace only the 5 first space by a ; (the other one should not be replaced to respect the number of significant field of the crontab