I'm assuming that you are using a Bourne like shell. You could use parameter expansion.
filename=20150217-v1-PH_THOMSON_Reuters_Bangkok_Conceptual_Ready_P20_170215
filename=${filename%??_*} # remove the shortest match from the right side of the parameter
filename=${filename##*-} # remove the longest match from the left side of the parameter
echo $filename
PH_THOMSON_Reuters_Bangkok_Conceptual_Ready_P