Perl, Python, and PHP are these languages easy to use? Are they command line or are they part of a GUI?
Well, easy for some to use, not so easy for others!! I realize this is probably not the answer you are looking for but it is close to truth
Out of Python, Perl, and PHP - In my opinion I think that PHP is probably the easiest, then Perl, then Python. PHP is a server side scripting language for web pages. Python is both GUI and command line. Perl is command line and is commonly used for a host of tasks.
If you were going to begin learning one of these languages,
I would suggest that you learn Perl. You will get more mileage
from it! As a start, take a look at a smaller language such as Awk to get your feet wet.
Happy coding.
PHP Link
Perl Link
Python Link
Python
Python is a clear and powerful object-oriented programming
language, comparable to Perl, Tcl, Scheme, or Java.
Some of Python's notable features:
Python uses an elegant syntax for readable programs.
Python is an agile language that makes it easy to get your
program working. This makes Python an ideal language for
prototype development and other ad-hoc programming tasks,
without compromising maintainability.
A variety of basic data types are available: numbers (integers,
floating point, complex, and unlimited-length long integers),
strings (both ASCII and Unicode), lists, dictionaries.
Python supports object-oriented programming with classes and
multiple inheritance.
Code can be grouped into modules and packages.
The language supports raising and catching exceptions, resulting
in cleaner error handling.
Data types are strongly but dynamically typed. Mixing
incompatible types (e.g. attempting to add a string and a
number) causes an exception to be raised.
Python contains advanced programming features such as
generators and list comprehensions.
Automatic garbage collection frees you from the hassles of
memory management.
The large standard library supports many common programming
tasks such as connecting to web servers, regular expressions,
and file handling.
Python's interactive mode makes it easy to test short snippets of
code. There's also a bundled development environment called
IDLE.
The Python interpreter is easily extended by adding new modules
implemented in a compiled language such as C or C++.
The interpreter can also be embedded into an application to
provide a programmable interface.
Python runs on many different computers and operating systems:
Windows, MacOS, many brands of Unix, OS/2, ...
Python is copyrighted but placed under an open source license,
meaning that Python can be freely used and distributed, even for
commercial purposes.
PHP
PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is
especially suited for Web development and can be embedded
into HTML.
Perl - Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister
Perl is a high-level programming language with an eclectic
heritage written by Larry Wall and a cast of thousands. It derives
from the ubiquitous C programming language and to a lesser
extent from sed, awk, the Unix shell, and at least a dozen other
tools and languages. Perl's process, file, and text manipulation
facilities make it particularly well-suited for tasks involving quick
prototyping, system utilities, software tools, system management
tasks, database access, graphical programming, networking, and
world wide web programming. These strengths make it especially
popular with system administrators and CGI script authors, but
mathematicians, geneticists, journalists, and even managers also
use Perl. Maybe you should, too.
Perl can also do GUI programming, but this is not most Perl programmers are going to use (possibly people would prefer TCL or Java/C instead for this purpose).
I'm pretty familiar with Perl, but I find it a lot easier to handle compared with shell scripting and awk/sed etc., possibly because I came from a programming background instead of a sysadmin background. So I personally do not agree that awk/sed can be used to get my feet wet. To me, shell scripting seems to get my hands really "dirty" that I would try to avoid shell scripting wherever possible (unless the task demands it).
PHP may not be necessarily easier than Perl. It totally depends on what you are trying to learn (and do). PHP is most suited for Web server-side scripting, however.