Bash - manually cp-r

hi guys i want a script manually copy all directories and files. Dont want to use cp-r, cp-R or any variant. How to do this, the piece of code i need is commented in the script

Code:
#!bin/bash

IFS=$'\n'

if test "$1" = ""
then
wd=pwd
else
wd=$1
fi

for file in $(find $1)
do
if [ -f $file ]; then
cp $file ~/Desktop
elif [ -d $file ]; then
#copy directory,subdirectory and files wihtout
#using cp-r, cp-R or any variant
mkdir ~/Desktop/$file
fi
done

thanks in advance

---------- Post updated at 10:17 AM ---------- Previous update was at 09:38 AM ----------

Something like, when a directory is found elif [ -d file ]; then

look in that directory if it contains more files or folders
create or copy folder and also containing files and folders

---------- Post updated at 11:49 AM ---------- Previous update was at 11:41 AM ----------

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