You could try changing it to drive a loop, something like this:-
while read file
do
printf "$file\n" >&2
md5sum "$file"
done < <(find . -type f) >> /md5sums/file.txt
That should write to STDERR and not get captured in the output file. Can I just ask, do you mean to append to your output file? The output could be a complete overwrite because it should be the output from the find command, not each individual md5sum.